Section 523: Liability for damage to waterways or related water areas structure.––The owner of — Pakistan Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 2001

Current legal status not independently verified — Source: Pakistan Code (single official PDF, 2026-08-21). Whether this provision is still in force has not been independently verified.

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523. Liability for damage to waterways or related water areas structure.––The owner of s ship shall be liable for any damage caused by the ship to waterways or related water areas, structures, except if and to the extent that the owner proves that the damage— (a) resulted from force majeure; (b) was caused by the gross negligence or actions done with intent to cause damage on behalf of any authority responsible for the establishment or maintenance of lights or other navigational aids in the exercise of that function; or (c) was caused by gross negligence, or actions, done with intent to cause damage, of a pilot or vessel traffic service personnel in the exercise of their functions.

Effective date: 2001-01-01

Related sections

Section 522: Duty to report wreck Section 524: Liability for reasonable costs Section 521: Delivery of unclaimed wreck by receivers not to prejudice title.–– Upon delivery of Section 525: Unseaworthy ships brought to Pakistani water without prior permission.––If any Section 520: Disputed title to unclaimed wreck Section 526: Salvage payable for saving life, cargo or wreck

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